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A teremtéstörténet nemi differenciáltsággal megalkotott emberére Isten kimondja: „igen jó”. Ez az isteni judícium kérdőjeleződik meg akkor, amikor az első emberpár önmagát emancipálva azt látja jónak, amit Teremtője rossznak mondott, és fordítva: rossznak azt, amit Isten jónak ítélt. A nemek vonatkozásában ezt a fordított értékítéletet látjuk akkor, amikor a kétpólusú „szex” már kevésnek tűnik, és az isteni nívóra törő ember egyre inkább hasadó, multipólusú „gendert” teremt.

Miklós Telegdi, a Roman Catholic bishop of the reformation period, was an important figure of his generation. The confessional guide of his Agendarius, first published in 1583 in nagyszombat (Trnava, now in Slovakia), is particular as to its structure and content. in Hungary, this is the first penitential guide that was written in a unique style, including vernacular parts and containing exhortations in a large number. The confessional includes a text discussing the strict obligation on the seal of confession as well as a confession mirror which, according to its genre, is a tool of individual self-examination. In my paper, I attempt to answer the question whether Telegdi’s confessional guide is only unique from a national point of view or also in a wider, international context.

The Disputation of Pécs (Pécsi Disputa) by György Válaszúti is a unique segment of 16th-century antitrinitarian literature. Since pécs was occupied by the Ottoman empire, Christians had to live by strict rules. They had to live outside the city walls, and they could only use one church. The dispute is a chronicle of a religious debate between the reformed citizens of tolna and the antitrinitarian citizens of Pécs.

The spiritual atmosphere can be pure and impure, life nourishing or stifling. The physical atmosphere can also be pure or polluted, life nourishing or stifling. In this context pure air means the abundance of man’s physical living conditions, the pureness and the absence of harm in the whole ecological system, ensuring man’s living space. It also means the balance, which has to exist between the food- and energy resources of our planet for the daily needs of its 7 billion inhabitants. There is a highly tense struggle going on for clean air, habitable earth in ecological as well as economic aspects. Our thesis: it is significant in which spiritual medium this battle takes place. The mere spiritual medium can contribute towards the solution of the problems, which the more and more polluted physical and economic climate brings about.

Amint azt a jelen tanulmány első részében említettem, a Septuaginta Bét-Seánt valóban „a szkíták városának” nevezi (Bír 1,27). Erről a Haag-féle lexikonban ez olvasható: a név „a Ptolemaioszok uralma idején történt veteránletelepítésre (íjászok és lovasok, azaz szkíták, a szó voltaképpeni értelmében) vezethető vissza”.

Jelen tanulmány nem kizárólag a teológiában jártas olvasóközönséget óhajtja megcélozni, hanem azokat is, akiket a fenti téma akár történelmi, akár művelődési, netán érzelmi vagy más szempontból érdekel.