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The Book of Habakkuk is well-known for using a very sophisticated language in terms of semantics, poetics, or rhetorical structure, causing tremendous difficulties to later interpreters, both ancient and modern. For this reason, from a diachronic perspective, textual deviations from the canonical Massoretic tradition could be mere relics of the perplexity of confused translators or scribes. This study argues, however, that there are cases where the independent, divergent textual traditions coalesce into a reading that could be considered a historically more reliable variant than the reading survived within the Massoretic Text. This appears to be the case with בגוים in Hab 1:5 and היין in Hab 2:5, for which three independent traditions presuppose a common pre-Massoretic ancient alternative reading.

Weather imagery plays a major role in Hosea. Hosea 2 recalls the image of an unfaithful wife; Hosea 4:2–3 describes the withering of the land; in 6:3; 10:12; 14:6, the several types of precipitation draw attention to the utterance of YHWH or the requested righteousness; in 9:10.13.16; 10:1; 13:5; 14:6.8, Israel is symbolised by different plants that blossom and wither, depending on their relation to Yhwh. In all of these instances, weather phenomena contribute to these images. In this article, I try to catalogue and evaluate the metaphors and concepts to look at how meteorological images convey theological and historical messages, and vice versa how historical events or sociological procedures demonstrate their consequences in nature, especially in the weather. It seems that weather imagery is used to describe the consequences of idolatry, injustice and false politics.

Ebben a tanulmányban két olyan vitatott szövegrészt vizsgálok meg Habakuk könyvéből (Habakuk 1,5 és 2,5), ahol a Masszoréta Szövegnél korábbi verziók egy, a masszoréta hagyománynál korábbi szövegvariánsba engednek betekintést. Az elemzésben Habakuk könyvének két legrégebbi tanúját hívom segítségül, a Septuagintát és a qumráni Habakuk pešert (illetve elemzem a hasonló irányba mutató szír Pesittát is). Az elemzésre kerülő szövegrészek esetében nagy valószínűséggel nem kései, hanem korai olvasatokról kell beszélnünk.