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https://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=10581

Isa 7:14 is one of the most enigmatic texts of the Old Testament in which the traditional Christian exegesis has found the roots of the dogma of the virgin birth. It remains a question though whether this text indeed focuses on the female figure rathern than the son to be born. Following a brief survey of the recent state of research, in this article I address the question of the possible historical background of the text. Recent semantical investigations of the term עַלְמָה, often translated as ‘virgin’, show that neither עַלְמָה nor its synonym בְּתוּלָה imply any information about the eventual sexual experience of the named person. Both terms denote a young, unmarried woman. Regarding the identity of this woman there are four main theories: 1. the woman and his son are late eschatological figures conveying messianic messages; 2. the woman is the daughter of Zion and Immanuel is the people of Jerusalem. 3.

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

Psalm-singing in the Community of Therapeutae Based on De vita contemplativa by Philo of Alexandria. The Therapeutae’s ascetic devotion is characterized not only by searching the scriptures, meditation and prayer but also by singing of hymns and psalms. Hymns were composed by the principals of the community, they were those who taught the community members to sing them and they continually enriched the hymnal with new ones. The Essenes’ and Therapeutae’s psalm-singing indicates first of all the common Old Testament origin. However these religious communities had different self-identity from that of the normative Jews and this identity required for a special psalm-poetry to be accomplished. The Therapeutae’s psalms remind us of the church psalm-tradition characterized, just like the Essene hymns, by responsive singing and refrains.

A címben feltüntetett hármas felosztás szerint az esszénus közösség életmódjának, a gyógyításaiknak és angyaltanuknak kérdésköreivel kívánok foglalkozni, nem térve ki e mozgalom sok-sok egyéb vonatkozására.

Dolgozatom két nagyobb részből áll. Az első részben az esszénusok életvitelével foglalkoztam (az esszénusok napirendje, étkezései, foglalkozása, gazdasági tevékenysége és családi, azaz a házas életük). A második részben pedig a belső rendjükkel foglalkoztam. Ide tartozik a szabályzat, a közösség összetétele, az új tagok felvételének rendje, a naptárjuk és az istentiszteleti rendjük. Dolgozatomat fő célja az, hogy belátást nyerjünk az esszénusok mindennapjaiba és az azt meghatározó belső rendre. Ez a közösség sok olyan értéket hordozott, amelyből épülhet a mai keresztyén ember is.