Repozitórium index

„Minél jobban érzi magát valamely földi egyház a világban, annál nagyobb a veszedelem, amely fenyegeti, mert ez azt jelenti, hogy elszakadóban van láthatatlan életfeltételeitől, láthatatlan alapjától. Az önmagában álló és az önmagában élő egyház hamarosan a hitnek és az evangéliumnak álpótlékává válik és hamarosan oda húzódik a polgári jóllét közelébe s a Kijelentéstől elszakadva. Szociális, vagy nemzeti hasznossági egyletté válik. Mindezekből egészen világos, hogy bármely látható egyház a láthatatlan egyház nélkül lehet nagyszerű szervezet, de nem egyház. [...] Amelyik egyház földi hatalommal és eszközökkel, emberi találékonysággal és megalkuvásokkal az Új-Jeruzsálemet, Isten országát megvalósíthatónak véli, annak az egyháznak nincs szüksége az isteni kegyelemre, vagy ha igen, akkor azt egyszer s mindenkorra birtokba vette és emberi-papi adminisztráció alatt tartja.

Rezumând atitudinea terapeuților față de bunăstare, putem constata că această comunitate a ridicat la un nivel atât de înalt valorile spirituale, încât a ignorat absolut tot ce aparține vieții zilnice obișnuite. Ei s-au străduit la înmulțirea bo-găției înțelepciunii (par. 16–17, 20) și a valorilor spirituale. În rândul acestei co-munități meditațiile asupra Sfintelor Scripturi, a cărților sfinte proprii, precum și asupra înțelepciunii dumnezeiești (par. 1, 28–30, 67) sunt absolut primordiale, din care rezultă retragerea din lume și disprețuirea totală a bogăției pământești.

This volume contains selected papers from the broader field of History of Christian Doctrines, and more specifically from Patristics and Reformation studies, but also from the border between them. Most of them were written in the academic year 2014-2015, during my MA studies in the field of Patristics at the Theological University of the (vrijgemaakt) Reformed Churches in the Netherlands, in Kampen. The main topic of the MA programme was the Baptism in the Early Church, therefore the most of these papers presents various aspects of this question. In the following few paragraphs I will present short summary of each paper from this volume.

Psalm-singing in the Community of Therapeutae Based on De vita contemplativa by Philo of Alexandria. The Therapeutae’s ascetic devotion is characterized not only by searching the scriptures, meditation and prayer but also by singing of hymns and psalms. Hymns were composed by the principals of the community, they were those who taught the community members to sing them and they continually enriched the hymnal with new ones. The Essenes’ and Therapeutae’s psalm-singing indicates first of all the common Old Testament origin. However these religious communities had different self-identity from that of the normative Jews and this identity required for a special psalm-poetry to be accomplished. The Therapeutae’s psalms remind us of the church psalm-tradition characterized, just like the Essene hymns, by responsive singing and refrains.