Repozitórium index

This article argues that Isaiah's so-called ‘refrain poem’ (Kehrvergedicht) in Isa. 9.7–20 is a composite text, going back to two early prophecies with different concerns. Isaiah 9.7–17* focused originally on the arrogant refusal of the divine word, while Isa. 9.18–20* reflected on the chaotic social circumstances in Samaria in the eighth century. The refrains in vv. 9,11cd, 16ef and 20cd were added to these two already connected prophecies at a later stage. The theological summary in v. 12 is yet another addition, closely affiliated with 5.24–25. Unlike v. 12, the refrains do not have the repentance of Israel in view, nor its final destruction, but the fall of Assyria in Isa. 10.5–15, 24–27. The refrains support the theory that the Isaianic collection was formed by means of reusing, restructuring and reinterpreting earlier material. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309089216690385

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

The spiritual atmosphere can be pure and impure, life nourishing or stifling. The physical atmosphere can also be pure or polluted, life nourishing or stifling. In this context pure air means the abundance of man’s physical living conditions, the pureness and the absence of harm in the whole ecological system, ensuring man’s living space. It also means the balance, which has to exist between the food- and energy resources of our planet for the daily needs of its 7 billion inhabitants. There is a highly tense struggle going on for clean air, habitable earth in ecological as well as economic aspects. Our thesis: it is significant in which spiritual medium this battle takes place. The mere spiritual medium can contribute towards the solution of the problems, which the more and more polluted physical and economic climate brings about.

Minucius Felix Octavius című írása, ez a különös 3. század eleji apológia posztmodern értelemben akár regénynek is nevezhető. A kerettörténet szerint három jóbarát sétálni indul Ostiába. Mindhárman előkelő és művelt rómaiak. Szüret van, őszi aranynapok, munkaszünet, s a három jóbarát ki is használja ezt, és a tengerparton sétálgat. A környezet idilli, békés és nyugodt: a tenger, noha szélcsendben is mindig nyugtalan, szinte sétautat alakít ki a három jóbarát számára a fövenyes parton, ők pedig sarutlanul lépdelnek ezen a váratlanul, majdhogynem hármójuk kedvéért kialakuló, kellemesen nedves sétányon. Régen nem látták egymást, örülnek a viszontlátásnak. Gyönyörködnek a tájban, halkan beszélgetnek, történeteket mesélnek egymásnak, és az összhang teljesnek tűnik közöttük. Ez már csak azért is meglepő, mert már a dialógus elején kiderül, hogy ketten közülük, Minucius és Octavius keresztyének, és mindketten ügyvédek, a harmadik pedig, akit Caeciliusnak hívnak, pogány.