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This paper is an expanded and somewhat more elaborated version of an earlier study in which I tried to give a general overview on the word-usage concerning the passion of Jesus Christ in the early Christian creeds. The purpose of this short paper is in part to give a comparative presentation of the sufferings of Lord Jesus Christ in the Western Creeds, and in part I also try to define the role of mentioning the name of Pontius Pilatus in them.

Isa 8:16 is considered a key reference regarding the formation of the book of Isaiah and the role of prophetic disciples in this process. This article argues, however, that originally this verse had a more limited significance. The instruction to which v. 16 refers is to be identified with vv. 12-15 rather than an early ‘book’ of Isaiah. The expression ‘the instructed ones’ (of YHWH rather than the prophet) is applied to the prophet’s audience. This term reflects Isaiah’s characteristic view of prophesying as an act of instruction and prophecy as a form of teaching, and it does not presuppose the existence of any prophetic school. The view that sealing the instruction would allude to preserving prophetic teaching for the posterity is discounted here in favour of understanding the symbolic act as a metaphor from the legal sphere refering to authentication, with no inherent temporal significance.

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

Egyházmegyénk 1896. ápril hó 17-én tartott közgyűlésén 60. sz. a. az az indítvány tétetett, hogy hazánk ezeréves fennállásának határán egyházmegyénk történetét a késő kornak tanulságul meg kellene írni; nem részletekbe menő nagy terjedelemben.

Az egyházi hagyomány szerint Énók az első próféták közé tartozott. Neve két helyen szerepel Mózes első könyvében. Az 1Móz 4,17– 18-ban úgy olvashatunk róla, mint aki Káin fia: És Kain a feleségével hált, aki terhes lett, és megszülte Énókot. Majd várost épített Kain, és a fia nevéről Énóknak nevezte el. Énóknak született Írád, Írád nemzette Mehújáélt, Mehújáél nemzette Metúsáélt, és Metúsáél nemzette Lámeket. Az 1Móz 5,18–24 pedig Jered fiaként említi: Jered százhatvankét éves volt, amikor Énókot nemzette. Énók születése után Jered nyolcszáz évig élt, és még nemzett fiakat és leányokat. Jered teljes életkora tehát kilencszázhatvankét év volt, amikor meghalt. Énók hatvanöt éves volt, amikor Metúselahot nemzette. Énók az Istennel járt; Metúselah születése után háromszáz évig élt, és még nemzett fiakat és leányokat. Énók teljes életkora tehát háromszázhatvanöt év volt. Énók az Istennel járt, és egyszer csak eltűnt, mert magához vette őt Isten.

In this short paper I would like to provide a comparative analysis of the passages concerning the passion of the Lord Jesus Christ of the Early Christian confessions (among them the Apostolic Creed1 as well), because these passages are frequently the source of theological misunderstanding and debates. The main question which urged me to do this research had occurred in relation with the Apostolic Creed. How do we say correctly: ‘I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived of the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended into hell…’ or ‘I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived of the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered, under Pontius Pilate He was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended into hell…’? I shall try to answer this question by analysing the relevant passages of the creeds which were composed in the first six centuries.