Repozitórium index

This article argues that Isaiah's so-called ‘refrain poem’ (Kehrvergedicht) in Isa. 9.7–20 is a composite text, going back to two early prophecies with different concerns. Isaiah 9.7–17* focused originally on the arrogant refusal of the divine word, while Isa. 9.18–20* reflected on the chaotic social circumstances in Samaria in the eighth century. The refrains in vv. 9,11cd, 16ef and 20cd were added to these two already connected prophecies at a later stage. The theological summary in v. 12 is yet another addition, closely affiliated with 5.24–25. Unlike v. 12, the refrains do not have the repentance of Israel in view, nor its final destruction, but the fall of Assyria in Isa. 10.5–15, 24–27. The refrains support the theory that the Isaianic collection was formed by means of reusing, restructuring and reinterpreting earlier material. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309089216690385

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

Az Ószövetségben közel 650 helyen találkozunk a "Jeruzsálem" névvel. Ám ezek a referenciák jobbára a Dávid királyságát követő korszakra vonatkoznak, amikor Jeruzsálem politikai és vallási szempontból a királyság központjává válik. De milyen is volt ez a város, mielőtt Dávid fővárossá tette volna? Ez a tanulmány előbb röviden áttekinti azokat a bibliai utalásokat és régészeti eredményeket, amelyek fényt vetnek a monarchia korát megelőző Jeruzsálem életére. A tanulmány második, terjedelmesebb része a honfoglalás előtti Jeruzsálem kánaánita királya, Abdi-heba és az egyiptomi királyi udvar közötti diplomáciai levelezés anyagát dolgozza fel. Az ún. Amarnai levelek néven ismert gyűjtemény részét képező korrespondencia akkád nyelven íródott. Ennek a gyűjteménynek az itt közreadott magyar fordítása elsőrendű forrásanyag Jeruzsálem korai történetének rekonstrukciójához.

Psalm-singing in the Community of Therapeutae Based on De vita contemplativa by Philo of Alexandria. The Therapeutae’s ascetic devotion is characterized not only by searching the scriptures, meditation and prayer but also by singing of hymns and psalms. Hymns were composed by the principals of the community, they were those who taught the community members to sing them and they continually enriched the hymnal with new ones. The Essenes’ and Therapeutae’s psalm-singing indicates first of all the common Old Testament origin. However these religious communities had different self-identity from that of the normative Jews and this identity required for a special psalm-poetry to be accomplished. The Therapeutae’s psalms remind us of the church psalm-tradition characterized, just like the Essene hymns, by responsive singing and refrains.