Repozitórium index

The Disputation of Pécs (Pécsi Disputa) by György Válaszúti is a unique segment of 16th-century antitrinitarian literature. Since pécs was occupied by the Ottoman empire, Christians had to live by strict rules. They had to live outside the city walls, and they could only use one church. The dispute is a chronicle of a religious debate between the reformed citizens of tolna and the antitrinitarian citizens of Pécs.

In this study, I examine the works of ars praedicandi as used by the Unitarians. The paper focuses on the Unitarian use of the works of Bartholomaeus Keckermann, who attributed an important role to the exordium. The paper further registers an 18th-century Unitarian reader of Keckermann’s rhetoric, found in a composite volume in the Library of the Cluj-Napoca Branch of the Romanian Academy. This work’s earlier impact can also be studied in a Unitarian manuscript revision created as early as in 1653. There is another Unitarian work (Ms. U. 262) on sermon making from this period, a part of which contains examples of exordiums, that is, introductory parts of sermons. Based on all this, I argue that the exordiums were handled much more leniently by the Unitarians than by other Reformed denominations, and that from the late Renaissance to the 18th century, Unitarians were practitioners of a rather traditional type of preaching.

Isa 7:14 is one of the most enigmatic texts of the Old Testament in which the traditional Christian exegesis has found the roots of the dogma of the virgin birth. It remains a question though whether this text indeed focuses on the female figure rathern than the son to be born. Following a brief survey of the recent state of research, in this article I address the question of the possible historical background of the text. Recent semantical investigations of the term עַלְמָה, often translated as ‘virgin’, show that neither עַלְמָה nor its synonym בְּתוּלָה imply any information about the eventual sexual experience of the named person. Both terms denote a young, unmarried woman. Regarding the identity of this woman there are four main theories: 1. the woman and his son are late eschatological figures conveying messianic messages; 2. the woman is the daughter of Zion and Immanuel is the people of Jerusalem. 3.

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

E rövid tanulmány a Karl Barth Egyházi Dogmatikájának III/4-es kötetében bemutatott hitvallás és imádság értelemzésére összpontosít. A hitvallás és az imádság a keresztyén gondolkodás központi kérdése, de legtöbbször csupán a keresztyén hitvallásos kegyesség témájaként jelenik meg a theológiai irodalomban. E rövid tanulmány arra keres választ, hogy az imádság és a hitvallás hordoz-e egyszerre kifelé és befelé ható etikai töltetet a keresztyén gondolkodásban. E témát Barth a sajátos etika területéhez illesztve tárgyalja. A hitvallás – legyen az elrejtett, vagy pedig kimondott – mindig Krisztusra mutat, s mint ilyen nem kerülheti meg a világ valóságának megerősítését, illetve annak kritikai értékelését. Így alapvetően az etikai tudatosság kifejezőjévé válik. Ehhez hasonlóan az Isten kijelentésében gyökerező imádáság, amely az Isten és ember kapcsolatát aktualizálja, minden helyzetben az Isten és a felebarát melletti döntés alkalmává lesz.

Jókai Mór valláshoz való viszonyulása kevéssé kutatott téma. Szinte minden regényében találkozunk különféle vallási utalásokkal, vallásos kifejezésekkel vagy egyszerűen csak a vallásos világképpel és szellemiséggel.