Repozitórium index

https://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=10581

Isa 7:14 is one of the most enigmatic texts of the Old Testament in which the traditional Christian exegesis has found the roots of the dogma of the virgin birth. It remains a question though whether this text indeed focuses on the female figure rathern than the son to be born. Following a brief survey of the recent state of research, in this article I address the question of the possible historical background of the text. Recent semantical investigations of the term עַלְמָה, often translated as ‘virgin’, show that neither עַלְמָה nor its synonym בְּתוּלָה imply any information about the eventual sexual experience of the named person. Both terms denote a young, unmarried woman. Regarding the identity of this woman there are four main theories: 1. the woman and his son are late eschatological figures conveying messianic messages; 2. the woman is the daughter of Zion and Immanuel is the people of Jerusalem. 3.

In the past decades, research has raised the idea of a theology of the Septuagint (LXX) on various occasions. Important works were recently published on this topic in the Handbuch zur Septuaginta and the Septuagint and Cognate Studies series. The general theological tendencies of the LXX are identified by scholars in eschatology, messianism, anti-anthropomorphism and angelology. These tend to all be regarded as further developments of the theology of the Hebrew Bible (HB). However, one can trace the evolution of these and other main topics of the LXX in the New Testament (NT) and in the later apostolic writings as well. Based on three concise case studies, I point out the evolution of theological ideas from the HB through the LXX up to the NT in this paper.

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

It is often argued that the sixteenth-century Reformation initiated a chain of events that ultimately led not only to religious pluralism within the body of the Western Christian Church, but also to the rise and dispersion of mutual acceptance among various religious groups. The fact, however, that these two things (i.e. religious pluralism and tolerance) did not emerge directly and immediately (almost as a matter of course) from the Reformation itself, is similarly undeniable. As we shall see below, we have sufficient evidence to claim that although the Reformers – including John Calvin, Theodore Beza and others, with whom this paper is partly concerned – at some point in their lives (mostly in their youth) advocated and invocated the cultivation of the spirit of tolerance, most of them refrained from upholding such positions once their situation as leaders within a newly emerged (both religious and political) community or realm became established.

A szerzőt az a szempont vezette, hogy a kommentárban história-kritikai alapvetéssel meg kell érteni az I. század betűjét (litteráját), s ennek segítségével a bibliai írót a lehető legteljesebb kongenialitással. Mindezt pedig úgy kell írásban rögzíteni, hogy a feldolgozott anyag exegézise tartalmazza Szentléleknek az „itt és most" nyelvére átültetett üzenetét. Nincs tehát külön exegézis, és külön homiletikai alkalmazás (mint például Kecskeméthynél); nincs nyelvészeti apróságokban elvesző vizsgálódás; nincs kortörténeti és vallástörténeti adathalmaz; nincs egy bizonyos theologiai irány kiszolgálása; nincs a bibliai szöveghez lazán kapcsolódó elmélkedés, és mindezek mellett nincs semmiféle l'art pour l'art tevékenység. Ezért maradtak el a görög szavak és a grammatikai magyarázatok, valamint a szóelemzéshez tartozó részletvizsgálódások. Az ilyen fermészetű munkát is elvégezte a szerző, de a nyersanyagot dolgozószobájában hagyta.