Repozitórium index

În cartea sa Biografie van de dominee, teologul practic olandez Heitink dedica un capitol special dezvoltării oficiului pastoral protestant. El se întreabă când a apărut pastorul protestant așa cum îl cunoaștem astăzi în istoria bisericii. Răspunsul la această întrebare ne duce înapoi în secolul al XVI-lea. În istoria Reformei, acesta este momentul când apare pastorul, însă nu ca preot hirotonit din sânul clerului, ci ca laic. Potrivit doctrinei reformate, membrii comunității lui Dumnezeu ocupă diverse oficii, iar în vârful acestora se află funcția de pastor. Comunitatea alege anumite persoane pentru această funcție după ce a constatat că aceștia au darurile necesare de la Dumnezeu pentru această slujire. Heitink consideră că, într-un timp relativ scurt după implementarea oficiului pastoral, pastorul a devenit un funcționar bisericesc. Această funcție, fie ea laică sau ecleziastică, a crescut în importanță de-a lungul timpului.

A hitelesség – mint létforma – az elmúlt évek egyik meghatározó területe a lelkipásztor életének. Az előadás témája a hitelesség kapcsán három irányba kíván vezetni. Ezek a következők: hitelesség az Igéhez, a szervezethez és a lelkésznek önmagához. Az tartalmát illetően előadás inkább egy szakmai életút tapasztalatainak összefoglalása, mint tudományos munka, és lehetőséget kínál saját emberi és hivatásbeli hitelességünk végigggondolására.

Ebben a tanulmányban a Gal 2,15–4,7 exegézisén keresztül kívánjuk bemutatni a törvény és a Krisztusba vetett hit közötti kapcsolatot, megkeresve azokat a pontokat, amelyek segítségünkre lehetnek e kettőről szóló bibliai tanítás dogmatikai és etikai értelmezésében, illetve alkalmazásában. Bár tudjuk, hogy a hit és törvény viszonyát nem csupán A galatákhoz írt levél tárgyalja, ugyanis ennek jelentős párhuzamai vannak például A rómaiakhoz írt levélben, e tanulmány keretében csak A galatákhoz írt levél fentebb jelzett szakaszaival van módunk foglalkozni.

Ford. Fazakas Enikő, Kovács Zoltán, Kun Lajos, Némedi Gusztáv, Oláh Attila. A Debreceni Református Hittudományi Egyetem Gyakorlati Teológiai Tanszéke, Debrecen 2001, 132. old.

It is often argued that the sixteenth-century Reformation initiated a chain of events that ultimately led not only to religious pluralism within the body of the Western Christian Church, but also to the rise and dispersion of mutual acceptance among various religious groups. The fact, however, that these two things (i.e. religious pluralism and tolerance) did not emerge directly and immediately (almost as a matter of course) from the Reformation itself, is similarly undeniable. As we shall see below, we have sufficient evidence to claim that although the Reformers – including John Calvin, Theodore Beza and others, with whom this paper is partly concerned – at some point in their lives (mostly in their youth) advocated and invocated the cultivation of the spirit of tolerance, most of them refrained from upholding such positions once their situation as leaders within a newly emerged (both religious and political) community or realm became established.