Repozitórium index

Valentinus and His Teaching in the Light of Modern Research and Ancient Christian Heresiology -- The first part of this paper contains a summary of the life and teachings of Valentinus written by Bernadett Szűcs, in which the author sketches the most important aspects of this complex topic based on the early Christian primary sources harmonized with the state of the modern research. As an appendix to this introduction, the second part of this paper, written by György Papp contains the first Hungarian translation (accompanied by the original Greek text from the recently published critical edition) of one of the primary sources with a short introduction, to the text: the chapter about Valentinus in the Haereticarum fabularum compendium of Theodoret of Cyrus.

This paper presents the doctrine on baptism in the Haereticarum fabularum compendium of Theodoret of Cyrus. From this presentation we learn that Theodoret presents in this work a multi-contextual image of the “all-holy” baptism. The divine origin of the sacrament determined Theodoret to offer it a special place within his theological system. This special place is expressed through the setting of the chapter concerning baptism as well: it is put between the soteriological Christology and the chapters concerning Theodoret’s eschatology, the latter being an introduction to the ethical chapters.

In Jeremiah 28, there is a dispute between the prophets Jeremiah and Hananiah over the (il)legitimacy of prophecies of salvation concerning Judah and prophecies of judgement regarding Babylon. On the eve of Jerusalem’s fall to the Babylonians, the prophet Jeremiah, who proclaims judgement on Judah at the hands of Babylon, appears to be the true, genuine, canonical voice of God. While this text does not preclude the eventual authenticity of prophecies of salvation in the event that they are proven valid by being fulfilled, it nevertheless is rather strange that the book of Jeremiah ends with a collection of prophecies against the Chaldaeans. The anti-Babylonian statements in Jeremiah 50-51 are ascribed to the very same prophet who had once dismissed Hananiah for uttering similarly worded – and presumably uninspired – invectives before the people of Jerusalem.

Sok szövegben úgy jelenik meg Izrael, mint a világ többi népe közül kiválasztott nemzet, aki az ő Istenével egy kizárólagos utazásra váltott menetjegyet. Egy toleranciára épülő társadalom akár veszélyesnek is tekintheti ezt az enkláveteológiát, főként akkor, ha az itt megjelenített szövegeket és szemléletmódot valaki a mai társadalomra nézve is irányadónak tekintené. Minden olyan modern teológiai intézménynek, amelynek tanrendjében a bibliai hagyományok nem csupán vallástörténeti dokumentumként jelennek meg, hanem a normatív corpus részeként, foglalkoznia kell e szövegek által felvetett problémával. Mert pontosan ez a mérvadó jelleg az, amely miatt az a szöveggyűjtemény problémássá válhat. Éppen azok a modern olvasók, akik különböző mértékben ráhangolódnak az Ószövetség lelkületére, nehezen tudják összebékíteni e szövegek normatív jellegét a modern tolerancia és emberi méltóság eszméivel.