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Acest scurt studiu aduce în atenție evoluția predării și practicii muzicale în cadrul colegiului unitarian din Cluj în perioada secolelor XVI–XIX. De la interdicția instrumentelor muzicale și a cântatului indecent la permisiunea treptată a practicii muzicale în incinta colegiului și introducerea predării muzicii, evoluția reflectă schimbările sociale și culturale din acele vremuri. Muzica a devenit, în cele din urmă, o parte acceptată și chiar integrată în viața colegiului, marcând o tranziție importantă în percepția și practica muzicală în colegiul unitarian din Cluj și comunitatea unitariană din Transilvania.

The sermons written for the first Sunday after the epiphany, according to the medieval order of the pericopes, are based on the story of 12-year-old Jesus teaching in the temple (Luke 2:41-52). Therefore, the duties of parents and children are usually presented in these sermons. A following of this pericopal tradition can be found among 16th-century Hungarian publications in the books of the pastors Péter Bornemisza, István Beythe and György Kulcsár, and the priest Miklós Telegdi. Through their sermons, I examine how these authors wrote about the ‘good’ and the ‘bad’ child as well as what methods they offered for improving the behaviour and morals of said ‘bad’ child.

Psalm-singing in the Community of Therapeutae Based on De vita contemplativa by Philo of Alexandria. The Therapeutae’s ascetic devotion is characterized not only by searching the scriptures, meditation and prayer but also by singing of hymns and psalms. Hymns were composed by the principals of the community, they were those who taught the community members to sing them and they continually enriched the hymnal with new ones. The Essenes’ and Therapeutae’s psalm-singing indicates first of all the common Old Testament origin. However these religious communities had different self-identity from that of the normative Jews and this identity required for a special psalm-poetry to be accomplished. The Therapeutae’s psalms remind us of the church psalm-tradition characterized, just like the Essene hymns, by responsive singing and refrains.

Hazai református egyházunkat általában – szemben a nyugati egyházakkal – a hagyományokhoz inkább ragaszkodó, az újat óvatosan fogadó szemlélet jellemzi. Vajon mi van e mögött? Jól kipróbált értékek konzekvens vállalásáról, minden tőlünk idegen hatás higgadt megszűréséről beszélhetünk? Meddig mehetünk a hagyományainkhoz való ragaszkodásban, és mikor válhat ez a ragaszkodás a szükséges fejlődés kerékkötőjévé? Témánk időszerűsége vitathatatlan, s üdvös, jövendőbe mutató eszmélődés támadhat, nem is annyira az előadás, mint az azt követő beszélgetések által.

A könyvben megjelent tanulmányok jó része előbbi tanulmányok folytatása. Mivel a szerzőtől egyebet nem olvastam, teljes értékű, átfogó bírálatot felelősséggel nem mondhatok, de bizonyos vonatkozásokban határozott véleményem alakult ki. Ezt próbálom most összefoglalni.