Repository index

The present study deals with the characteristic features of the ministry of teachers in the early church, contrasting them with the rabbis in the synagogues. As charismatic characters in the early church, teachers have played a role compa-rable to that of the apostles and prophets. In a different order of ideas, we would like to investigate whether the competence of charismatic teachers should be considered universal, or whether they played a rather local administrative role in the way bishops, deacons and presbyters did. At the same time, we shall analyse the content of their teaching aiming to define the place of teachers within the early church. We shall conclude with remarks concerning the development of the teachers’ status in the post-Pauline period.

This paper is an expanded and somewhat more elaborated version of an earlier study in which I tried to give a general overview on the word-usage concerning the passion of Jesus Christ in the early Christian creeds. The purpose of this short paper is in part to give a comparative presentation of the sufferings of Lord Jesus Christ in the Western Creeds, and in part I also try to define the role of mentioning the name of Pontius Pilatus in them.

In this short paper I would like to provide a comparative analysis of the passages concerning the passion of the Lord Jesus Christ of the Early Christian confessions (among them the Apostolic Creed1 as well), because these passages are frequently the source of theological misunderstanding and debates. The main question which urged me to do this research had occurred in relation with the Apostolic Creed. How do we say correctly: ‘I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived of the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended into hell…’ or ‘I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived of the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered, under Pontius Pilate He was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended into hell…’? I shall try to answer this question by analysing the relevant passages of the creeds which were composed in the first six centuries.