Repository index

Tanulmányomban Ádám Jenő munkásságát, valamint a református gyülekezeti énekek dallamát feldolgozó egyházzenei kompozícióit mutatom be. Kodály Zoltán neve mellett az övé elhalványul, pedig a zenepedagógia területén igen jelentős értéket teremtett: a mester elveit ő ültette gyakorlatba, több évtizedes, szorgalmas munkával, nemzedékek zenei oktatását segítve. Egyházzenei művei által a gyülekezeti énekkarok repertoárja gazdagodott.

This paper is an expanded and somewhat more elaborated version of an earlier study in which I tried to give a general overview on the word-usage concerning the passion of Jesus Christ in the early Christian creeds. The purpose of this short paper is in part to give a comparative presentation of the sufferings of Lord Jesus Christ in the Western Creeds, and in part I also try to define the role of mentioning the name of Pontius Pilatus in them.

Jürgen Moltmann, a Tübingeni Egyetem nyugalmazott rendszeres teológia professzora a 20. század és napjaink egyik legjelesebb német református teológusa. Személyes és szakmai életpályája egyaránt rendkívüli és inspiráló. Világszerte ismert teológussá A reménység teológiája című könyve tette őt, amely már 1965-ös megjelenésekor nagy visszhangot keltett, és azóta számos nyelvre lefordították. Legnagyobb érdeme az eszkatológiának mint a keresztyén reménység forrásának „újrafelfedezése”, a jelenlegi világnak az eljövendő fényében történő megismerése. Jelen írásnak Jürgen Moltmann Gott in der Schöpfung című könyve a fő forrása, amelyben korunk ökológiai kihívásának összefüggésében fejti ki a maga teremtéstanát, hangsúlyosan eszkatologikus és pneümatikus megközelítésben.

It is often argued that the sixteenth-century Reformation initiated a chain of events that ultimately led not only to religious pluralism within the body of the Western Christian Church, but also to the rise and dispersion of mutual acceptance among various religious groups. The fact, however, that these two things (i.e. religious pluralism and tolerance) did not emerge directly and immediately (almost as a matter of course) from the Reformation itself, is similarly undeniable. As we shall see below, we have sufficient evidence to claim that although the Reformers – including John Calvin, Theodore Beza and others, with whom this paper is partly concerned – at some point in their lives (mostly in their youth) advocated and invocated the cultivation of the spirit of tolerance, most of them refrained from upholding such positions once their situation as leaders within a newly emerged (both religious and political) community or realm became established.

In this short paper I would like to provide a comparative analysis of the passages concerning the passion of the Lord Jesus Christ of the Early Christian confessions (among them the Apostolic Creed1 as well), because these passages are frequently the source of theological misunderstanding and debates. The main question which urged me to do this research had occurred in relation with the Apostolic Creed. How do we say correctly: ‘I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived of the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended into hell…’ or ‘I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord: Who was conceived of the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered, under Pontius Pilate He was crucified, died, and was buried; He descended into hell…’? I shall try to answer this question by analysing the relevant passages of the creeds which were composed in the first six centuries.