Repozitórium index

A dolgozat az unitárius egyházkörök azon régi textíliáira összpontosít, amelyek az 1600-as évektől kezdődően az 1800-as évek közepéig kerültek az egyházközségek tulajdonába. A 17–19. századi levéltári források – püspöki és esperesi vizitációs jegyzőkönyvek, egyházközségi leltárkönyvek, számadáskönyvek – segítségével kirajzolható az unitárius gyülekezetek tárgyi örökségének képe, követhetővé válnak az állományban végbemenő változások. A napjainkig fennmaradt textíliák ugyanakkor szemléletesebbé teszik a gyülekezetek életében fellelhető szokásokat, különösen az adományozói szokásrendet, valamint az egyháztagok kegyességi és reprezentációs igényét. Az unitárius gyülekezetek tárgyi örökségének, különösen a textíliáknak kevés figyelmet szenteltek az elmúlt évszázadok során. A dolgozat célja ezt a hiányt pótolni az unitárius gyülekezetek textilállományának felmérésével, egy katalógus összeállításával és a levéltári források részletes elemzésével.

In his 1583 ritual entitled Agendarius, which was innovative in many respects in comparison to its Hungarian predecessors, Bishop Miklós Telegdi of Pécs, the administrator of the diocese of Esztergom, added sample-like sermons to the rituals of the administration of the sacraments accompanying the great turning points of life (viz. baptism, confirmation, wedding etc.). He was presumably guided chiefly by pastoral considerations. For the second edition of 1596 (published after Telegdi’s death), the editors added a second funeral sermon, clearly intended for a more educated, urban audience – judging from the scholarly Latin quotations and the general tone. A comparison of the structure and content of the two speeches provides useful conclusions as to what the ecclesiastical authorities of the time considered advisable to preach at the time of death to mourners lacking basic schooling and what to the more learned audience.

My study approaches Unitarian sermon literature from the perspective of church discipline. There are several reasons for this: 1) Historical records of reception are scarce because in the early modern age, only a handful of Unitarian sermons could be published. 2) it was uncommon among Unitarian preachers to use theoretical works (ars concionandi/praedicandi) until the end of the 17th century, they learned instead by observing the written and oral practices of their colleagues. 3) Because of the medium of the manuscript, most early modern Unitarian sermons did not survive beyond the 17th–18th century. Therefore, in our exploration of the rules and ideals of sermon literature as well as the attitudes of followers, preachers, and schoolmasters to the genre, we are forced to rely on inferences based on the norms, especially the offences recorded in (ecclesiastical) court protocols.

Francis David’s selected sermons were published by the printing press of Alba Iulia (Gyulafehérvár) in 1569. These sermons are structured in an almost identical way: biblical text, brief summary, lessons and the proper sermon. most of the sermons, which adhered very strictly to the explanation of the text, were probably preached in the court of John Sigismund, prince of Transylvania, while others at services and workshops for priests who came to the religious disputes. As modern readers, we might posit the likelihood that bishop Francis David held training courses for pastors to prepare them for propagating the antitrinitarian doctrines whenever they had the opportunity. This paper examines to what extent Francis David’s sermons can be considered miniature encyclopaedias or repositories of useful knowledge as were the sermons of the 16th century.