Repozitórium index

Examining Some Ethical Issues in the Context of War -- One of the main questions of this paper is whether the arguments in defence of war can be coupled with equal concern for the laws of war. While a permissive reading of the classical, theological just war tradition draws a number of conclu-sions that can be debated, this essay has attempted to draw attention to the fact that Augustine's questions of disordered political commitments (loves) are insep-arable from the more familiar questions of “right reason”, “right power” and “right intention”. Augustine’s reading reminds us that political desires still determine not only decisions to enter into armed conflict, but also the application of the inter-national law. On the one hand, politics is a means of influencing the dominant powers, a means of spreading their values, but also a means of holding them to account. It is also the voice of the oppressed and the vulnerable.

Miklós Telegdi, a Roman Catholic bishop of the reformation period, was an important figure of his generation. The confessional guide of his Agendarius, first published in 1583 in nagyszombat (Trnava, now in Slovakia), is particular as to its structure and content. in Hungary, this is the first penitential guide that was written in a unique style, including vernacular parts and containing exhortations in a large number. The confessional includes a text discussing the strict obligation on the seal of confession as well as a confession mirror which, according to its genre, is a tool of individual self-examination. In my paper, I attempt to answer the question whether Telegdi’s confessional guide is only unique from a national point of view or also in a wider, international context.

The Disputation of Pécs (Pécsi Disputa) by György Válaszúti is a unique segment of 16th-century antitrinitarian literature. Since pécs was occupied by the Ottoman empire, Christians had to live by strict rules. They had to live outside the city walls, and they could only use one church. The dispute is a chronicle of a religious debate between the reformed citizens of tolna and the antitrinitarian citizens of Pécs.

A carmina gratulatoria hebraica, vagyis a héber köszöntővers a reformáció megerősödése és egyben első megpróbáltatásai idejének, valamint a református felsőoktatás hazai kezdeti korszakának tiszavirág-életű irodalmi műfaja. Miután a külföldi egyetemjárás kiszélesedett, és a magyar hallgatókat fogadták az angliai és az újonnan alapított németalföldi egyetemeken, az 1598 és 1717 közötti időszakban külhonban a német, holland, angol, svájci és lengyel egyetemeken, valamint hazai kollégiumokban születtek magyar teológus hallgatók tollából egymás tudományos disputái vagy doktori védései alkalmából héber köszöntőversek. A héber-nyelv-tudás, a költészet és a teológia hármasa ötvöződik ezekben a versekben. A tehetségen kívül az oktatási és tudományos háttér volt számukra segítségül. Áttekintve az ötvennégy magyar carmeníró pedigréjét, legtöbbjük három hazai kollégium hallgatói közül került ki, illetve oktatói közé tartozott a későbbiekben: Sárospatak, Debrecen és Nagyvárad.