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The aim of this thesis is to examine the extent to which the elusive postmodern zeitgeist influences ordinary people's faith in God, their relationship to the church, and the congregational demands of the Christian church. It also seeks to answer how far the teachings of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, the influential theologian who was martyred during World War II, can respond to these congregational needs. The topicality of the paper lies in its aim to provide a systematic theological framework for Reformed congregational pastors and members, with the aim of providing them with a theoretical basis for confronting postmodern problems. One such problem may be the scepticism and relativism that is characteristic of postmodernism and that is present in the life of the average church member today. A further challenge for the church may be the change in postmodern language and the isolation of individuals from one another.

This article argues that Isaiah's so-called ‘refrain poem’ (Kehrvergedicht) in Isa. 9.7–20 is a composite text, going back to two early prophecies with different concerns. Isaiah 9.7–17* focused originally on the arrogant refusal of the divine word, while Isa. 9.18–20* reflected on the chaotic social circumstances in Samaria in the eighth century. The refrains in vv. 9,11cd, 16ef and 20cd were added to these two already connected prophecies at a later stage. The theological summary in v. 12 is yet another addition, closely affiliated with 5.24–25. Unlike v. 12, the refrains do not have the repentance of Israel in view, nor its final destruction, but the fall of Assyria in Isa. 10.5–15, 24–27. The refrains support the theory that the Isaianic collection was formed by means of reusing, restructuring and reinterpreting earlier material. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309089216690385

In studies on the composition of prophetic literature, the larger textual layers reinterpreting earlier texts, the so-called Fortschreibungen, received much attention. It is well-known that beside these larger literary elaborations prophetic books also contain shorter explanatory interpolations, often called glosses, which intend to clarify a particular imagery of the prophecy (e.g., Isa 9:14). A systematic reading of these short annotations has been neglected, however, in studying the formation of prophetic books. The present article reconsiders the Isaiah-Memoir from this perspective. It identifies editorial interpolations in three distinct pericopes, Isa 8:2, 8:6-7a and 8:23b. It is argued here that the identification of such explanatory additions is the key to understanding notorious textual complexities. Moreover, it points out that these interpolations tend to expose recognisable patterns and common hermeneutical principles.

Szükséges-e az egyház ahhoz, hogy megismerhessem Istent, és kapcsolatba kerülhessek vele? Krisztus evangéliumát csak az egyházon belül ismerhetem-e meg? Van-e folytonosság Krisztus missziói parancsa, az apostolok és a mai egyház között? Ha van, akkor ez miben mutatkozik meg? Ezekre a kérdésekre kerestem a választ, amikor dolgozatom témájául a egyházról szóló teológiai tanítást választottam. A vonatkozó szakirodalom tanulmányozása során ezek a kérdések tovább kristályosodtak. Végül az egyház lényegének meghatározása és jellemzőinek dogmatörténeti áttekintése mellett döntöttem. A dolgozatban az egyházról szóló teológiai tanítás alakulását vizsgálom: kiindulópontul a Szentírás bizonyságtételét választottam. Ezt követi az apostoli atyák és az egyházatyák megfogalmazásainak summája, majd a reformátorok tanításán keresztül igyekeztem eljutni a XIX.-XX. századi teológusok és gondolkodók megállapításaiig.