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În Vechiul Testament, Regatul de Nord este adesea considerat o regiune vinova-tă în care poporul s-a îndepărtat de Dumnezeu. Cu toate acestea, este notabil faptul că în descrierea întemeierii cultului din 1 Împărați 12, zeul venerat nu este numit, ci doar definit prin faptul că el a fost responsabil de exod. Un alt aspect deosebit de important este că acest cult nu era centralizat, ci Ieroboam a ridicat altare pentru această divinitate în întreaga țară, inclusiv, foarte probabil, în capi-tală, Samaria, unde exista un templu pentru această divinitate. Bazându-ne pe faptul că exodul este atribuit în toate textele lui Iahve, zeul venerat în Israel nu poate fi altul decât Iahve. El era zeul național și dinastic, inclusiv în Regatul de Nord. Acest lucru este susținut de prezența elementului teoforic iahvist în majo-ritatea numelor regale. Cu toate acestea, cel mai probabil erau tolerate și alte zeități canaanite. De exemplu, regele Ahab a introdus altarul lui Baal în templul lui Iahve.

In his 1583 ritual entitled Agendarius, which was innovative in many respects in comparison to its Hungarian predecessors, Bishop Miklós Telegdi of Pécs, the administrator of the diocese of Esztergom, added sample-like sermons to the rituals of the administration of the sacraments accompanying the great turning points of life (viz. baptism, confirmation, wedding etc.). He was presumably guided chiefly by pastoral considerations. For the second edition of 1596 (published after Telegdi’s death), the editors added a second funeral sermon, clearly intended for a more educated, urban audience – judging from the scholarly Latin quotations and the general tone. A comparison of the structure and content of the two speeches provides useful conclusions as to what the ecclesiastical authorities of the time considered advisable to preach at the time of death to mourners lacking basic schooling and what to the more learned audience.

My study approaches Unitarian sermon literature from the perspective of church discipline. There are several reasons for this: 1) Historical records of reception are scarce because in the early modern age, only a handful of Unitarian sermons could be published. 2) it was uncommon among Unitarian preachers to use theoretical works (ars concionandi/praedicandi) until the end of the 17th century, they learned instead by observing the written and oral practices of their colleagues. 3) Because of the medium of the manuscript, most early modern Unitarian sermons did not survive beyond the 17th–18th century. Therefore, in our exploration of the rules and ideals of sermon literature as well as the attitudes of followers, preachers, and schoolmasters to the genre, we are forced to rely on inferences based on the norms, especially the offences recorded in (ecclesiastical) court protocols.

A Zsoltárok könyve irodalmi alkotás, amelyben az irodalom a maga módszereit, metodikáját, formáját és stiláris jellegzetességeit kínálja fel a formán és sablonon túlmutató lényeg, a hit kifejezésére és annak esztétikai megfogalmazására. Jelen tanulmány ezzel a felkínált irodalmi jellegzetességgel és sajáttal akar foglalkozni, tehát a zsoltárok irodalomtörténetével, azokkal a kérdésekkel, amelyek felvetődnek valamely irodalmi alkotás műelemzése során, de főleg a prédikációra néző exegézis keretében.

Az alábbi sorok azt kísérlik meg, hogy formai és műfaji szempontból vegyék újra górcső alá a 116. zsoltárt, s a két módszer konkurenciájában próbáljanak döntésre jutni – persze nem egyik vagy másik módszer, hanem inkább a jobb értelmezés érdekében.

Psalm-singing in the Community of Therapeutae Based on De vita contemplativa by Philo of Alexandria. The Therapeutae’s ascetic devotion is characterized not only by searching the scriptures, meditation and prayer but also by singing of hymns and psalms. Hymns were composed by the principals of the community, they were those who taught the community members to sing them and they continually enriched the hymnal with new ones. The Essenes’ and Therapeutae’s psalm-singing indicates first of all the common Old Testament origin. However these religious communities had different self-identity from that of the normative Jews and this identity required for a special psalm-poetry to be accomplished. The Therapeutae’s psalms remind us of the church psalm-tradition characterized, just like the Essene hymns, by responsive singing and refrains.

In dieser Arbeit werde ich mit Dtn 32,1–43 bzw. mit der Perikope 32,1–10 beschäftigen, die den Namen „Moselied“ trägt. Die alttestamentliche Tradition hält dieses Kapitel für eine der letzten Reden des Mose, ein Testament des großen Volksführers.

Jelen dolgozatban az énekválasztás kerül a középpontba, ezen belül is a zsoltárválasztás. Kálvin János szerint, a gyülekezeti éneklésre a zsoltárok a legalkalmasabbak, ezért is kerültek a dolgozat központjába. Mivel az énekválasztás témaköre igen széles, a dolgozat keretei nem teszik lehetővé a teljes énekeskönyv vizsgálatát, ezért csak a zsoltárokkal foglalkozom, és ezek mellett a zsoltárparafrázisokkal, népdalzsoltárokkal, ifjúsági énekekkel. Több énekeskönyvet vizsgálok, amelyeket református körökben használnak.