Repozitórium index

The Textual and Redactional History of Genesis 46:8–27 -- Genesis 46:8–27 lists the names of those who went down along with Jacob to Egypt during the famine in Canaan. However, this passage has some features that inspire to further study. These include seemingly pointless repetitions, tensions within the text and contradictions with other verses in the book of Genesis, which lead us to conclude that the text of the pericope in question has undergone significant changes over time. In this study, we will attempt to deduce possible textual layers and reconstruct the sources used, starting from the canonical text and working backwards in time.

Isa 8:16 is considered a key reference regarding the formation of the book of Isaiah and the role of prophetic disciples in this process. This article argues, however, that originally this verse had a more limited significance. The instruction to which v. 16 refers is to be identified with vv. 12-15 rather than an early ‘book’ of Isaiah. The expression ‘the instructed ones’ (of YHWH rather than the prophet) is applied to the prophet’s audience. This term reflects Isaiah’s characteristic view of prophesying as an act of instruction and prophecy as a form of teaching, and it does not presuppose the existence of any prophetic school. The view that sealing the instruction would allude to preserving prophetic teaching for the posterity is discounted here in favour of understanding the symbolic act as a metaphor from the legal sphere refering to authentication, with no inherent temporal significance.

Nagyon régi kérdés, talán egyidős az őskeresztyénséggel. Chrys0stomus, Hieronymus, Gázai Procopius már megjegyzik, hogy az a széfer hattorah, melyet Kr. e. 621-ben Hilkiás főpap a jeruzsálemi templomban megtalált, csak a debarim = a Deuteronomiam = (Mózes V. könyve) lehetett. Ez a megtalált törvénykönyv századokon át foglalkoztatja a kedélyeket. 1805—6-ban „Dissertatio Critica“ címen De Wette határozottan állítja, hogy az a törvénykönyv = thoragyűjtemény, melyet Josiás király kultuszreformja végrehajtásához alapul vett: a Deuteronomium volt. Majd Kuenen és Wellhausen munkái nyomán a Deut. kérdése az ótest. bibl. tudományok egyik pillérévé, kulcsává lett. Mások (strassburgi iskola: Vernes, D'Eichthal, Horst, Cullen) azt vallják, hogy a Josiás reformja jelentéktelen, Ezékiás király reformjánál is (719—691 Kr. e.) kisebb méretű, így a Deut. a Josiás reformjával nincs is összefüggésben. Ismét mások (Fries) a Josiás reformját jóval a Deut.

Franz Bos személyét azért választottuk bemutatásra, mert esetében megtalálható a titkos rendőrség munkamódszerének valamennyi eleme: a szigorú határellenőrzéstől a részletes ügynöki jelentéseken, figyelmeztetésen és a több irányú technikai eszközalkalmazáson át egészen a nyomkövetésig.

The second half of the 20th century can be characterised by a consolidation of all state structures of the Communist Party. The most important institution in keeping the power was the Secret Police (Securitate), which exercised a strict control over the Churches, including the Hungarian Reformed Church. The Securitate was mostly interested in the foreign contacts of the church. After the Second World War the Reformed Church has kept its contacts with the Reformed Churches in Hungary, as well as with many other Western European churches from the former West Germany, Holland, Switzerland, etc. The Secret Police’s purpose was to gather as many information as possible about the different contacts, and to control the whole issue.

During the Communist regime, in the sixties of the 20th century, the Protestant Theological Seminary started the student exchange program with churches and institutions from the Western part of Europe, mainly the Dutch Reformed Churches. It was in 1968 when the first Dutch couple came to spend one study year in the Seminary. After them students have been arriving each year until the end of the eighties. Coming from a capitalist, “unfriendly” country, the Dutch students have always been watched at by the Securitate (Secret Police) very carefully. Many informers were recruited from among the Reformed pastors as well as seminary professors to control the whole study process of the foreigners. The documents included into this paper are perfect samples of how the Secret Police usually acted.