Repozitórium index

The text above is the Regulations of the Reformed College Teachers drawn up in 1786 by the board of the College of Kolozsvár (Cluj). The 1780s heralded the era of educational reform, marked by the Habsburg Empire’s ruler mandating a centralisation of the educational system. In response, the Reformed Church of Transylvania embarked on an extensive overhaul of its collegiate structure and public education. These regulations were distinctive, echoing the spiritual heritage bequeathed by nobility and monarchs. Notably, they were exclusively designed for the youth of noble lineage, which likely led to their limited application.

Works of Protestant reformers in the collections of the Lutheran High School in Mediaș. Since 2018, our research has been conducted in the historical libraries of Transylvania, focusing on the works of fifteen Western European Protestant theologians, known as reformers, who were active in the 16th century. At the Lutheran Gymnasium library in Mediaș, we discovered 58 theological texts by these authors. This number is representative of the average size of the collections we have examined. Notably, three-quarters of the works we reviewed are attributed to just three of these authors: 19 works by Melanchthon, 16 by Calvin and 10 by Luther. The number of writings by the other authors is much smaller: 4 from Musculus, 3–3 from Aretius and Brenz, and 1–1 from Bèze, Chyträus and Zanchi. Almost three quarters of these publications, 43 in all, were brought to the Carpathian Basin before 1601, mostly in the second half of the 16th century.

În Vechiul Testament, Regatul de Nord este adesea considerat o regiune vinova-tă în care poporul s-a îndepărtat de Dumnezeu. Cu toate acestea, este notabil faptul că în descrierea întemeierii cultului din 1 Împărați 12, zeul venerat nu este numit, ci doar definit prin faptul că el a fost responsabil de exod. Un alt aspect deosebit de important este că acest cult nu era centralizat, ci Ieroboam a ridicat altare pentru această divinitate în întreaga țară, inclusiv, foarte probabil, în capi-tală, Samaria, unde exista un templu pentru această divinitate. Bazându-ne pe faptul că exodul este atribuit în toate textele lui Iahve, zeul venerat în Israel nu poate fi altul decât Iahve. El era zeul național și dinastic, inclusiv în Regatul de Nord. Acest lucru este susținut de prezența elementului teoforic iahvist în majo-ritatea numelor regale. Cu toate acestea, cel mai probabil erau tolerate și alte zeități canaanite. De exemplu, regele Ahab a introdus altarul lui Baal în templul lui Iahve.

Az erdélyi református egyház a trianoni békeszerződés után egy teljesen új, addig soha nem tapasztalt helyzetben találta megát. Az impériumváltást követő években azonban elindult egy eszmei útkeresés nemcsak az irodalom és a közélet terén, hanem az egyház életében is. Az erdélyi magyar értelmiség ezen útkereséséhez jelentős mértékben hozzájárultak a korabeli református egyház vezetői, teológiai tanárai és lelkipásztorai, akiknek elmélkedéseik, gondolataik ma is jelentős tartalommal és hatással bírnak. Jelen tanulmány célja az volt, hogy feltárja ezeket az 1920 és 1944 között megjelent kiadványokat egy eszme- és egyháztörténeti keretbe foglalva és időrend szerint ismertesse a korabeli református értelmiség nemzetszemléletét.