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Our thesis examines the discourse of the Apostolic Fathers concerning the death of Jesus Christ from both linguistic-stylistic and theological perspectives. Special attention is given to the rhetorical structure, conceptual vocabulary, and historical-contextual background of the texts. The thesis does not aim to formulate dogmatic conclusions but rather to explore how the event of Jesus Christ’s death is represented in the writings of the Apostolic Fathers, particularly in terms of temporal designation, soteriological interpretation, and rhetorical emphasis. The study offers a detailed analysis of key passages from Clement of Rome, Ignatius of Antioch, and Polycarp of Smyrna, as well as from the Epistle of Barnabas and The Shepherd of Hermas. Furthermore, it addresses the testimony found in the Epistle to Diognetus and eucharistic passages. The research is based on a comparative exegesis of the texts in their Hungarian and Greek versions.

A dolgozat az apostoli atyák Jézus Krisztus halálával kapcsolatos beszédmódját vizsgálja nyelvi-stilisztikai, illetve teológiai szempontból, különös figyelemmel a szövegek retorikai szerkezetére, fogalmi készletére és történeti-tartalmi kontextusára. A dolgozat nem dogmatikai konklúziók megfogalmazására törekszik, hanem arra, hogy feltárja, miként jelenik meg Jézus Krisztus halálának eseménye az apostoli atyák írásaiban, különösen az idői meghatározás, a szoteriológiai értelmezés és a retorikai hangsúlyok tükrében. A dolgozat részletesen elemzi többek között Római Kelemen, Antiochiai Ignác, Szmirnai Polikárp, valamint a Barnabás-levél és Hermász Pásztorának releváns szakaszait, továbbá kitér a Diognétosz-levél és az eucharisztikus szövegrészek tanúságtételére is. A kutatás alapjául a magyar és görög nyelvű szövegek összevetése és exegézise szolgál.

Rezumând atitudinea terapeuților față de bunăstare, putem constata că această comunitate a ridicat la un nivel atât de înalt valorile spirituale, încât a ignorat absolut tot ce aparține vieții zilnice obișnuite. Ei s-au străduit la înmulțirea bo-găției înțelepciunii (par. 16–17, 20) și a valorilor spirituale. În rândul acestei co-munități meditațiile asupra Sfintelor Scripturi, a cărților sfinte proprii, precum și asupra înțelepciunii dumnezeiești (par. 1, 28–30, 67) sunt absolut primordiale, din care rezultă retragerea din lume și disprețuirea totală a bogăției pământești.

Ebben a jellemzésben is felfedezhetjük, hogy a törvény szerinti élet, a földi javak megvetése és az elkülönülés, valamint az Istennek szolgáló életvitel együvé tartoznak. A papi, elit jellegű terapeuta létmód pedig az Istenhez menekülés sajátos formája.

Psalm-singing in the Community of Therapeutae Based on De vita contemplativa by Philo of Alexandria. The Therapeutae’s ascetic devotion is characterized not only by searching the scriptures, meditation and prayer but also by singing of hymns and psalms. Hymns were composed by the principals of the community, they were those who taught the community members to sing them and they continually enriched the hymnal with new ones. The Essenes’ and Therapeutae’s psalm-singing indicates first of all the common Old Testament origin. However these religious communities had different self-identity from that of the normative Jews and this identity required for a special psalm-poetry to be accomplished. The Therapeutae’s psalms remind us of the church psalm-tradition characterized, just like the Essene hymns, by responsive singing and refrains.